<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>2</title>
<title_fa>1</title_fa>
<short_title>3</short_title>
<subject>Literature &amp; Humanities</subject>
<web_url>http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>9</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>10</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii>8</journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>7</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>14</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>8888</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>13</journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1400</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2021</year>
	<month>9</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>13</volume>
<number>4</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa></title_fa>
	<title>Comparison of the Antimicrobial Activity of Nigella sativa Aqueous and Oil Extracts</title>
	<subject_fa></subject_fa>
	<subject></subject>
	<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
	<content_type></content_type>
	<abstract_fa></abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; is recognized as a black seed. It is a grassy plant relating to the Ranunculaceae family. There are various reports regarding this plant&amp;#39;s pharmacological and biological action, like antihypertensive effects, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidants, antifungal, pain alleviating, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and immune-modulatory effects. This study aimed to compare the anti-microbial activity of aqueous and oil extract of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Materials &amp; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; aqueous and oil extracts were gathered via a retail food shop (Al-Hilla) 2018. Gram-positive (&lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumonia&lt;/em&gt;; &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pyogenes&lt;/em&gt;) and Gram-negative (&lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhi; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas aeroginosa&lt;/em&gt;) isolates (obtained via clinical specimens) were utilized.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; aqueous and oil extracts showed a maximum inhibition zone against &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt; and minimum inhibition against &lt;em&gt;S. pyogenes&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; acts against gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacterial isolates.&lt;/div&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Antimicrobial Activity,Nigella sativa,Medicinal Plant,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,</keyword>
	<start_page>305</start_page>
	<end_page>311</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1868-1&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=3</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>T.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Dhahir Mansour Al Sultani </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>1003194753284600378362</code>
	<orcid>1003194753284600378362</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>S.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Ayad Fakhri </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>1003194753284600378361</code>
	<orcid>1003194753284600378361</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>W.H.N.</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Al-Zuhairi </last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>1003194753284600378311</code>
	<orcid>1003194753284600378311</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Pharmacy Department, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
