en <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of aluminum exposure on</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> humoral immunity</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> (immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M serum levels), function enzymes,</span> <span cambria="" style="font-family:">and histological alterations in the liver of rats. </span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Materials & Methods</span></b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">: Sixteen albino male rats at fifteen weeks were grouped into four groups, and <span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">administered</span></span><span style="color:black"> with</span> aluminum</span> <span cambria="" style="font-family:">chloride at 35g/Kg of</span><b> </b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">body weight for 8, 12 and 16 weeks, while the control group was fed with a normal diet for 16 weeks. The rats were </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">anesthetized, blood was collected, and </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">serum</span> <span cambria="" style="font-family:">separated </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">for estimation</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> levels of immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, alanine aminotransferase</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> (also called transaminase) and alkaline phosphatase</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, then rats were sacrificed, livers isolated and divided into two parts; the first was used for micronucleus </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">(MN)</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> assay, and the second was </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">subjected to histopathological examination. </span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Findings: </span></b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">There was a significant increase (p<0.01) </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">of </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">sera immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">amongst all treated groups compared with the control group. There was a </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">significant elevation in </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">alanine aminotransferase</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> and </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">alkaline phosphatase levels</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> among all case groups as compared with the control. The results of the histopathological examination showed different alterations according to the period of</span><b> </b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">aluminum</span> <span cambria="" style="font-family:">chloride administration, such as</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> decomposition and degeneration of</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> hepatocytes</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, presence of </span><span cambria="" style="font-family:">fibroblast</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> and</span><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> lymphocytes infiltration with thickening wall of the blood vessel, increase kupffer cells, necrotic foci, haemosiderin in hepatocytes sinuses, congestion with polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration within central. </span></span></span><br> <span style="background:white"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Conclusion: </span></b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">The aluminum chloride administration causes significant histological alteration in immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, liver tissue rates, and an increase in micronucleus frequency as well as changes in levels of liver function enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-family:"Cambria","serif""></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Humoral immunity, IgG ,IgM, Aluminum chloride , Liver function enzymes, ‎Micronucleus, histological alterations 157 163 http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1938-1&slc_lang=en&sid=3 T.A. Taher 1003194753284600378582 1003194753284600378582 Yes Department of Zoology, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq B.J. Mohammed 1003194753284600378544 1003194753284600378544 No Department of Genetic Engineering Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for post graduate studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Z.N. Abdallah 1003194753284600378447 1003194753284600378447 No Department of Genetic Engineering Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for post graduate studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq