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http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org
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Frequency of Inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolated from Surgical Wounds Infections Using D-test and Molecular Methods in Al-Basrah, Iraq
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">Aims: </span></b><i><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">S. haemolyticus</span></i><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"> is generally considered an opportunistic pathogen that is strongly associated with immunocompromised individuals. <i>S. haemolyticus</i> is ranked as a highly antibiotic-resistant pathogen for various types of antibiotics. Current study aimed to investigate the frequency of inducible clindamycin resistance in <i>S. haemolyticus</i> isolated from surgical wounds infections using D-test and molecular methods in Al-Basrah, Iraq.</span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Materials & Methods: </span></b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">200 surgical wound swabs were collected from Ports General Hospital in Basrah, Iraq. The coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were identified using methods like oxidase, catalase, hemolysis, and coagulase tests and confirmed by Vitek®2 system. Methicillin resistance and inducible clindamycin resistance were detected according to disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Moreover, molecular approaches was performed to confirm methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance results.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">Findings:</span></b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"> Out of 200 cases, 75 surgical wound swabs (37.5%) showed positive bacterial cultures. The highest frequency of isolates belonged to <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (25.3%), <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis </i>(17.3%), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (14.7%) and <i>Escherichia coli </i>(13.3%), respectively. Out of eight <i>S. haemolyticus isolates</i>, only 5 isolates (62.5%) showed inhibitory resistance criteria for both oxacillin and cefoxitin. Furthermore, 3 <i>S. haemolyticus </i>isolates (37.5%) were erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin sensitive with D-test positive with iMLS<sub>B</sub> resistance phenotype. While 2 isolates (25.0%) showed cMLS<sub>B</sub> resistance phenotype and 3 (37.5%) isolates were shown MS<sub>B</sub> resistance phenotypes. The most frequent resistance genes of <i>S. haemolyticus</i> strains were <i>mecA</i> (62.5%), <i>ermA</i> (62.5%), <i>ermB</i> (50.0%), respectively.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">Conclusion: </span></b><span cambria="" lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:">D-test and molecular technique are appropriate for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in <i>S. haemolyticus</i> strains.</span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:red"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Multiple Drug Resistance,Methicillin Resistance,Clindamycin,
351
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http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1997-1&slc_lang=en&sid=3
A.A.
Al-Mousawi
1003194753284600378686
1003194753284600378686
Yes
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
S.S.
Al-Amara
1003194753284600378685
1003194753284600378685
No
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
M.N.
Humoud
1003194753284600378049
1003194753284600378049
No
Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
S.O.
Hattab
1003194753284600379906
1003194753284600379906
No
Public Health Department, Basrah Health Directorate, Basrah, Iraq