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en Generation and Characterization of Purkinje-Like Cells from Differentiated Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Aims: Neurological disorders continue to be challenging to treat due to the limited capacity for neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system. Mesenchymal stem cells present a promising approach for neuron replacement therapies. This study aimed to establish a novel protocol for differentiating mesenchymal stem cells into Purkinje-like cells, given the critical role of Purkinje neurons in motor coordination, cognition, and emotional regulation. Materials & Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the bone marrow of mice and characterized using specific markers (CD34, CD44, CD45, and CD73). Subsequently, the mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated into neural stem cells, which were characterized through immunocytochemistry and neurosphere formation (Nestin and SOX2). Finally, neural stem cells were differentiated into Purkinje-like cells using specific culture media and identified by morphology and immunocytochemistry (calbindin D28K and IP3R1). Findings: According to the criteria set by the International Society for Cell and Therapy, isolated mesenchymal stem cells adhered to the flask surface and expressed the CD73 and CD44 markers but did not express the CD34 and CD45 markers. The identity of neural stem cells was confirmed through their morphology, expression of Nestin and SOX2 markers and neurosphere formation. The markers calbindin D28K and IP3R1 were significantly expressed in Purkinje-like cells differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusion: The Purkinje-like cells created in this study can serve as an in vitro model to develop appropriate treatments for diseases caused by the dysfunction of Purkinje cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cells,Neural Stem Cells,Purkinje Cells,Neurogenesis,Cell Differentiation, 113 121 http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2303-3&slc_lang=en&sid=3 M. Allami 1003194753284600379704 1003194753284600379704 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran A.M. Al-Shammari 1003194753284600379703 1003194753284600379703 No Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq Z. Neshati 1003194753284600379702 1003194753284600379702 Yes “Department of Biology, Faculty of Science” and “Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology,” Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran