en <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">The Arbaeen pilgrimage is considered one of the largest annual religious gatherings in the world. A large number of pilgrims participate in this event, which can pose many challenges to their health. These challenges include respiratory, digestive, and infectious diseases, muscle and skeletal problems, various types of trauma, heatstroke or frostbite, and even the recurrence of chronic diseases. This study aimed to examine the challenges faced by military temporary medical centers and identify solutions to overcome these challenges.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Participants & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">This qualitative study used in-depth and semi-structured interviews and field observations for data collection. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The research was carried out by observing an approach that maximizes diversity among the target population, comprising managers, healthcare decision-makers, providers, and clients of the military temporary medical centers during the 2024 Arbaeen Pilgrimage. </span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Data saturation was achieved after conducting 15 interviews. By analyzing the data, codes were extracted and organized into two domains, including challenges and promotion strategies. The main categories of challenges included resources and infrastructure, leadership and organization, community and knowledge, and health and safety. In the promotion strategies domain, the main categories included resource optimization, leadership and development, community awareness, and health and safety</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:normal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">The main challenges faced by military temporary medical centers are resources and infrastructure, leadership and organization, community and knowledge, and health and safety, while the promotion strategies encompasses resource optimization, leadership and development, community awareness, and health and safety.</span></span></span> Military Personnel,Disease,Interview,Health,Qualitative Research, 325 333 http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2348-1&slc_lang=en&sid=3 Sh. Zibasokhan 1003194753284600380065 1003194753284600380065 No Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran S. Sharififar 1003194753284600380064 1003194753284600380064 Yes Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran M. Azizi 1003194753284600379858 1003194753284600379858 No Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran F. Teymouri 1003194753284600379857 1003194753284600379857 No Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran S. Azarmi 1003194753284600379856 1003194753284600379856 No Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran