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L-Glutamine as a Protective Agent Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Male Mice
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"> The study investigated the role of L-glutamine against the carbon tetrachloride effects on the liver of male mice.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black">This study used 50 healthy adult mice (n=10/group) assigned to five groups. G1 received olive oil. G2 received </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">carbon tetrachloride</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black"> (1mL/kg; 1:1 with olive oil) intraperitoneally on days 1 and 4 weekly for 4 weeks. G3 received </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">carbon tetrachloride</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black"> as in G2 for 4 weeks, then glutamine in drinking water (4g/L) for 4 weeks. G4 received glutamine in drinking water (4g/L) for 4 weeks, then </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">carbon tetrachloride</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black"> injection. G5 received glutamine only for 4 weeks. Blood was collected from chloroform-anesthetized mice for biochemical analysis, and livers were processed for experiments</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">. </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"> Normal liver architecture was found in group G1, whereas group G2 had significant histopathological damage. Co-treatment with L-glutamine promoted regeneration and near-normal structure in groups G3 and G4. PAS staining revealed normal fine glycogen granules in group G1, glycogen reduction and variable staining in group G2, and strong PAS positivity with glutamine treatment, including coarse glycogen deposition in group G3 and group G4. Alanine transaminase was significantly elevated only in group G2 (p<0.001); groups G3, G4, and G5 did not differ from group G1. </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black">Aspartate aminotransferase</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"> was significantly higher in groups G2 and G3 (p<0.001). </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black">Alkaline phosphatase </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">increased significantly in groups G2, G3, and G4 (p<0.001), with no significant change in group G5 versus group G1.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black">Glutamine has protective and therapeutic effects against </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">carbon tetrachloride</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"><span style="color:black">-induced liver injury</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
L-Glutamine,
Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4),
Toxicity
213
226
http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A--1-130&slc_lang=en&sid=3
H.S.
Laibi
1003194753284600387883
1003194753284600387883
Yes
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq
M.K.
Hassani
1003194753284600387884
1003194753284600387884
No
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq