en <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Lower limb amputee veterans are at high risk of cardiovascular disease due to physical problems and depression after the accident caused by amputation. Aerobic and resistance training are effective interventions in improving heart structure and function. This study </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">aimed to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic and combined exercises on the structure and function of the heart of lower limb amputation veterans.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">This semi-experimental pre-test/post-test study was designed with two interventions and one control group. 45 randomly selected samples were divided into three groups: Aerobic training (15 people), combined training (15 people) and control (15 people).</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">The experimental groups received the relevant intervention for 12 weeks. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">One-way analysis of variance, Tukey&#39;s post hoc test, and paired T-test were used in SPSS 25 software to analyze the data.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">After 12 weeks of intervention, the groups had significant differences in weight (p=0.001) and body mass index (p=0.001). There were significant weight losses in the aerobic (p=0.001) and combined (p=0.001) training groups compared to the control group. Also, a significant decrease in body mass index was observed in the aerobic (p=0.001) and combined (p=0.001) training groups compared to the control group. A significant decrease in weight and body mass index was observed in the aerobic (p=0.001) and combined (p=0.003) training groups from pre-test to post-test.</span></span></span><b> </b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Upper-body aerobic training alone and in combination with resistance training affects the functional and structural indicators of the heart in lower-limb amputees.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="background-color:#ffffff;"><div style="text-align: right;"></div> </span><div style="text-align: right;"></div> Aerobic Exercise,Combined Exercise,Heart Structure,Heart Function,Veteran, 213 218 http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1486-2&slc_lang=en&sid=3 M. Heydary 1003194753284600379070 0000000260317996 No Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran S. Keshavarz 1003194753284600378984 0000000209133470 Yes Sports Medicine Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran M. Kargarfard 1003194753284600378983 0000000292057999 No Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran B. Porheidar 1003194753284600378982 0000000251502620 No Department of Heart, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran