en <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">Rescue robots are increasingly used in disaster and conflict-related emergencies due to their ability to operate in hazardous and inaccessible environments, thereby reducing risks to victims and responders. However, existing evidence is fragmented, limiting comprehensive understanding.</span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">This review aimed to map the use of civilian rescue robots in disaster and emergency response scenarios, identify key technological domains, and categorize existing research based on application and functionality.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Information & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the Arksey and O&rsquo;Malley framework. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2017 and 2024. Studies on civilian rescue robots in natural and human-made disasters were included. Screening and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers, and disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">Rescue robots are being developed for diverse emergency settings, including disaster environments, aquatic/amphibious contexts, and cloud-enabled scenarios that support real-time coordination. Across included studies, improvements were consistently reported in key operational outcomes, such as mobility and obstacle negotiation, navigation efficiency, environmental adaptability, and communication-driven coordination. Aquatic rescue platforms in particular showed gains in stability, propulsion efficiency, and maneuverability, supporting safer water-based rescues. However, considerable heterogeneity in study designs, robot types, and outcome measures limited comparability and constrained quantitative synthesis.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">Rescue robots have high potential for improving emergency response and public health outcomes in disaster and conflict settings. </span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Robotics, Disaster , War-Related Injury , Emergency Medical Service 165 171 http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A--1-114&slc_lang=en&sid=3 Z. Jiryaei 1003194753284600380597 1003194753284600380597 Yes Iran-Helal Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran