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Volume 14, Issue 3 (2022)
3 2022, 14(3): 351-357 |
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History
Received: 2022/06/9 | Accepted: 2022/08/11 | Published: 2022/10/12
Received: 2022/06/9 | Accepted: 2022/08/11 | Published: 2022/10/12
How to cite this article
Al-Mousawi A, Al-Amara S, Humoud M, Hattab S. Frequency of Inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolated from Surgical Wounds Infections Using D-test and Molecular Methods in Al-Basrah, Iraq. 3 2022; 14 (3) : 100
URL: http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/article-3-85476-en.html
URL: http://ijwph.daneshafarand.org/article-3-85476-en.html
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1- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
2- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
3- Public Health Department, Basrah Health Directorate, Basrah, Iraq
2- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
3- Public Health Department, Basrah Health Directorate, Basrah, Iraq
Abstract (2725 Views)
Aims: S. haemolyticus is generally considered an opportunistic pathogen that is strongly associated with immunocompromised individuals. S. haemolyticus is ranked as a highly antibiotic-resistant pathogen for various types of antibiotics. Current study aimed to investigate the frequency of inducible clindamycin resistance in S. haemolyticus isolated from surgical wounds infections using D-test and molecular methods in Al-Basrah, Iraq.
Materials & Methods: 200 surgical wound swabs were collected from Ports General Hospital in Basrah, Iraq. The coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were identified using methods like oxidase, catalase, hemolysis, and coagulase tests and confirmed by Vitek®2 system. Methicillin resistance and inducible clindamycin resistance were detected according to disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Moreover, molecular approaches was performed to confirm methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance results.
Findings: Out of 200 cases, 75 surgical wound swabs (37.5%) showed positive bacterial cultures. The highest frequency of isolates belonged to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.7%) and Escherichia coli (13.3%), respectively. Out of eight S. haemolyticus isolates, only 5 isolates (62.5%) showed inhibitory resistance criteria for both oxacillin and cefoxitin. Furthermore, 3 S. haemolyticus isolates (37.5%) were erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin sensitive with D-test positive with iMLSB resistance phenotype. While 2 isolates (25.0%) showed cMLSB resistance phenotype and 3 (37.5%) isolates were shown MSB resistance phenotypes. The most frequent resistance genes of S. haemolyticus strains were mecA (62.5%), ermA (62.5%), ermB (50.0%), respectively.
Conclusion: D-test and molecular technique are appropriate for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in S. haemolyticus strains.
Materials & Methods: 200 surgical wound swabs were collected from Ports General Hospital in Basrah, Iraq. The coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were identified using methods like oxidase, catalase, hemolysis, and coagulase tests and confirmed by Vitek®2 system. Methicillin resistance and inducible clindamycin resistance were detected according to disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Moreover, molecular approaches was performed to confirm methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance results.
Findings: Out of 200 cases, 75 surgical wound swabs (37.5%) showed positive bacterial cultures. The highest frequency of isolates belonged to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.7%) and Escherichia coli (13.3%), respectively. Out of eight S. haemolyticus isolates, only 5 isolates (62.5%) showed inhibitory resistance criteria for both oxacillin and cefoxitin. Furthermore, 3 S. haemolyticus isolates (37.5%) were erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin sensitive with D-test positive with iMLSB resistance phenotype. While 2 isolates (25.0%) showed cMLSB resistance phenotype and 3 (37.5%) isolates were shown MSB resistance phenotypes. The most frequent resistance genes of S. haemolyticus strains were mecA (62.5%), ermA (62.5%), ermB (50.0%), respectively.
Conclusion: D-test and molecular technique are appropriate for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in S. haemolyticus strains.
Article number: 100